Féret Encyclopedia

[The article below is co-authored by Cornelis van Leeuwen, Laure de Rességuier, Renan Le Roux and Hervé Quénol]                       To complete the climatic zoning proposed… Read More

[The article below is co-authored by Cornelis van Leeuwen, Benjamin Bois, Laure de Rességuier and Gérard Seguin]    THE CONCEPT OF TERROIR IN VITICULTURE INTRODUCTION           Bordeaux is the largest… Read More

There are (or were, to be precise) six classifications of Bordeaux wines, which were drawn up at different times. They relate to specific appellation areas, and readers will find each of them presented in the relevant chapters. To help readers understand each of them better, we… Read More

          For the history and the description of the various diseases and pests attacking grapevine, specialized works can be consulted. However, we will quickly review the diseases and pests that are currently most feared by wine growers.  … Read More

          Every day, the men and women who make Bordeaux wines write new pages in the history of the Bordeaux wine region. Today, 5,300 wineries and more than 300 wine merchants give life… Read More

          The crus, in a general way, are the result of a main trilogy of influences: the grape varieties, the climate and the soils. The common point of the latter is their capacity to provide a moderate and regular supply of water… Read More

          A little bit more than sixty phytophagous species of grapevine have been identified in France, some of them being of historical interest (phylloxera, flea beetle, cicadas, …), others having a local economic impact (Eulia, pyralid moths) or a periodic one (wasps, drosophila) and… Read More

CONCEPT AND PROBLEMATIC OF AGING             In the normal course of wine production, maturation represents, along with vinification, a fundamental critical phase in the life of the wine. In order to manage this… Read More

[The article is co-written by Éric and Hanna Agostini]          Setting aside guarantee marks and collective marks (Art. L 715-1 et seq. IPC), which are akin to indications of provenance,… Read More

          Wine tourism, as we know it today, has really developed since the early 2000s. Of course, there have been precursors since the 1980s. Let’s remember that the Maison du Tourisme et des Vins de Pauillac was already open at that time, including on Sundays, under… Read More

      The specificities of the French vineyard linked to its geographical and therefore climatic diversity, to the diversity of its grape varieties, and to its historical situation as a world crossroads of trade, have led… Read More

          The labelling and presentation of wines is governed in the European Union by the CMO Regulation 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 December 2013, Delegated Regulation No 2019/33 of 17 October 2018 and Implementing… Read More